Theory of Pi · Interactive physics lab

Explore circular motion

Try one of the simulations used in our learning workspace. Change the controls and watch the motion and calculated values update. No sign-in required.

Circular Motion

Velocity is tangent to the circle; acceleration and force point inward to the centre. ac = v²/r = ω²r The centripetal force Fc = m·ac always points to the centre — without it the mass would fly off along the tangent.
Angular vel. ω1.57 rad·s−1
Speed v4.71 m·s−1
Centripetal ac7.40 m·s−2
Centripetal Fc14.80 N
Frequency f0.25 Hz

Try it yourself

  1. Keep the radius and period fixed, then double the mass. The centripetal force doubles, while the speed stays the same.
  2. Set the period to 4 seconds, then reduce it to 2 seconds. With radius and mass unchanged, the speed doubles and the centripetal force becomes four times as large.
  3. Pause the motion. Notice how velocity points along the tangent while acceleration and force point toward the centre.

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